1 pass 10 and finally 33! How did the super spread of Dalian epidemic occur?
Xinhua News Agency, Dalian, January 6th Question: 1 pass 10 and finally 33! How did the super spread of Dalian epidemic occur?
Xinhua News Agency "Xinhua Viewpoint" reporters Cai Yongjun, Guo Xiang and Zhang Boqun
From December 15th, 2020, Dalian City, Liaoning Province reported 4 cases of asymptomatic local infection. By 24: 00 on January 5th, 2021, 51 cases of confirmed local cases and 31 cases of asymptomatic infection had been reported. Among them, a confirmed case caused 10 people to be infected because of attending a family gathering, and since then, 33 cases of confirmed cases and asymptomatic infections have been caused by transmission.
Dalian has initially locked in the source of the epidemic on the 3rd. The public is generally concerned: how did the super-transmission of 33 cases happen?
65 cases were related to Jinzuo Commercial Building, and the confirmed cases had participated in family gatherings of 11 people.
On December 15th, 2020, four porters of a cold chain enterprise in Dalian Port were found to be infected after their routine regular nucleic acid test results were positive. Yuan had been to the bathroom on the second floor of Jinzuo Commercial Building in Jinpu New District, Dalian on December 11th, 2020.
Zhao Lian, deputy director of the Dalian Municipal Health and Wellness Committee, said that it is highly suspected that the spread of the epidemic in Jinzuo Commercial Building was triggered by someone named Yuan active communication. Since the first case involving Jinzuo Commercial Building was discovered on December 20, 2020, 65 cases of infection related to Jinzuo Commercial Building have been reported in Dalian.
Jinmou, the owner of Jinzuo Commercial Building, said that he developed fever and other symptoms on December 15th, 2020, and took medicine by himself, and had a history of exposure to the source of infection, while others had no exposure history and the onset time was later than Jinmou. Gene sequencing and serum antibody analysis also preferred it to be the first generation case in the family, so epidemiological investigation identified it as the source of transmission of 10 family members. Kim’s family members spread out through multiple scenes. Five of Kim’s related cases went to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University on December 17 and 18, 2020, causing multiple infections.
"This round of epidemic has a strong spread and there is a phenomenon of super spread." Zhao Lian said that the confirmed case of Kim participated in a family gathering of 11 people when he was not ill, causing all the other 10 people to be infected in the later period. As of 24: 00 on January 2, including Kim, there were 33 cases of related confirmed cases and asymptomatic infected people. Among them, 21 cases were confirmed and 12 cases were asymptomatic.
The source of transmission is the imported cold chain, and the virus has a long incubation period.
The national, Liaoning and Dalian disease control departments conducted genome-wide sequencing analysis on the confirmed cases, asymptomatic infected persons and related environment and cargo samples of the Dalian epidemic, and the results supported that the transmission source came from abroad.
Zhao Lian said that according to the preliminary analysis of the existing evidence, the vast majority of cases in this epidemic were infected by workers of a cold chain enterprise in Dalian Port who carried Covid-19-positive bulk goods on Russian freighters.
Relevant experts said that the main characteristics of this epidemic in Dalian are the rapid spread of the virus, strong spread and many scenes involved, which is one of the factors leading to the phenomenon of super-spread.
According to epidemiological investigation, on December 15th, 2020, when four asymptomatic infected people were reported in Dalian, the epidemic had spread rapidly in Jinzuo Commercial Building, and it had spread in the community during family gatherings and people gathering. Positive infected people were detected one after another, and five core areas where the epidemic was concentrated gradually emerged. From the introduction of Yuan Mou (case 5) into Jinzuo Commercial Building on December 11, 2020, to the implementation of closed control of key areas on December 21, 26 cases were infected after four generations of transmission in 10 days.
Virus transmission involves many scenarios. The Jinzuo Commercial Building that Yuan Mou (Case 5) visited was located in the core business district of Jinpu New District in Dalian, with a large number of people and strong mobility, which led to the rapid spread of the virus. The prevention and control front, from the cold chain logistics terminal to the community, shopping malls, schools and hospitals, involves all kinds of people and multiple scenes, and the situation is complicated.
Guo Xuan, director of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Dalian Municipal Health and Wellness Commission, said that compared with the last epidemic in Dalian, the virus in this epidemic was more bizarre and the incubation period was longer. Tang Yi, director of Dalian Civil Affairs Bureau, said that some cases showed positive after 11 nucleic acid tests, and some areas showed positive cases after 6 rounds of tests.
On January 4th, Dalian informed a 23-year-old female patient named Duan that she had been transferred to a centralized isolation hotel as a close contact of asymptomatic infected people on December 22nd, 2020. During the isolation period, the results of four nucleic acid tests were all negative. On December 26, 2020, Duan was transferred to the hospital fever ward for isolation treatment. The results of many nucleic acid tests from January 1 were also negative, but the test results on January 3 were positive.
Nucleic acid detection should be done, strictly control the gathering and extend the isolation time.
Since the outbreak in Dalian, the core control circle centered on Guangzhong Street in Jinpu New District, the closed control circle in five street areas of Friendship, Advanced, Political Support, Guangzhong and Zhanqian in Jinpu New District, the key control circle in the whole area of Jinpu New District and the peripheral control circle around Jinpu New District have been set up, and different rounds of nucleic acid detection have been carried out according to different risk levels.
At present, Dalian Jinpu New District is carrying out door-to-door nucleic acid detection for some areas on the basis of previous rounds of nucleic acid detection. Lv Dongsheng, deputy director of the management committee of Dalian Jinpu New District, said on December 29th, 2020 that the specific way is for the inspectors to take samples one by one at the door of residents’ homes to ensure that no one is missed and no cross-infection occurs. At present, the core control circle has completed 6 rounds of nucleic acid detection, and the closed control circle has completed 5 rounds of nucleic acid detection. Before Dalian started the full-time nucleic acid testing, the city completed 6.379 million tests.
Experts said that from the epidemic situation in Dalian, it is necessary to strictly implement the "due inspection" and find the epidemic situation as soon as possible. The infection of four porters in a cold chain enterprise in Dalian Port was found in the weekly routine nucleic acid test of cold chain employees, another case was found in the admission test of newly hospitalized patients, and one case was found before taking the postgraduate exam. Since then, Dalian has gradually found positive infected people through close contact investigation and full-time screening in key areas.
Experts believe that there are many factors in the phenomenon of super-communication. The suspected super-communication of Kim was mainly caused by family gatherings, which caused all the other 10 people to be infected in the later period and spread to the outside world. The public did not need to panic excessively, but it also sounded the alarm for activities such as gatherings.
Zhao Lian said on January 3 that Dalian has initially locked in the source of the epidemic and basically mastered the transmission chain. In addition, according to the characteristics of this epidemic and the opinions of experts, Dalian decided to implement the "14+7" day control measures for people living at home and in centralized isolation, during which four nucleic acid tests were needed.







